A gradient enhanced constitutive framework for the investigation of ductile damage localization within semicrystalline polymers

The paper presents a gradient enhanced model dealing with nonlocal phenomena driven by the ductile damage in semicrystalline polymers that exhibit rate-dependent and rate-independent mechanisms. study aims at capturing material localization high levels. To this end, viscoelastic-viscoplastic constitutive is formulated considering thermodynamic potential, function of local state variables. based on two different options for variable: first option considers scalar, while second hardening variable. An appropriate user defined subroutine developed so as to define update stress, variables, associated tangent moduli towards finite element structural computations. analogy between steady-state heat equation relation enables coupling displacement fields within package code (i.e., ABAQUS). Structural analyses polyamide 66 (PA66) are presented assess efficiency model. This research work demonstrates able capture efficiently simulate related when using or time combines viscoelasticity, viscoplasticity, approaches, can be considered an initial step developing formulation multiscale polymer-based composites.